Lipid-based nanocarriers such as liposome and niosome have received tremendous attention in the last decade. Their ability to carry both hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules gives them to be used for many biomedical applications. The molecules can be drugs, or any biological agents including DNA, RNA, proteins, or antigens for vaccination. The surface of lipid-based nanocarriers can be further functionalized to interact selectively with target tissue for in-vitro and in-vivo applications. Since the physicochemical properties of these nanocarriers depend on the intermolecular interactions between the drugs and the components of the nanocarriers (surfactants and lipid), the formulation of these nanocarriers needs optimization for each system. Additionally, introducing specific agents or molecules to these nanocarriers may result in stimuli-responsive behavior or selectivity towards special target tissue, making them suitable for targeted drug delivery and therapeutic applications. In this special issue, we invite all types of papers (Research, Communication, Review) that covers from fundamental formulation of these nanocarriers to different applications of these nanocarriers in the nanomedicine. Additionally, we invite theoretical studies that can help for a better formulation of lipid-based nanocarriers or provide a deeper insight into the molecular interactions between the drug and components in the nanocarrier.